Question
Can Muslims donate body organs to other Muslims or non-Muslims?
Fatwa
Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the World; and may His blessings and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and upon all his Family and Companions.
Organs for donation are of two kinds: (A) those donated while the donor is still living, (B) those donated during the donor's lifetime for transplanting after his death.
A) As for the first situation, donating any vital organ on which the life of a person depends is forbidden such as head, heart or the like. Donating such a part means killing oneself, which is forbidden in Shari'a. The ruling is the same if the transferred organ causes any inactivity in the donator's body or prevents him from performing any obligation, e.g. donating hands or legs, which makes one handicapped, consequently one cannot earn for himself and cannot fulfill his obligations. It is also not permissible to donate any organ that could cause deformity. Likewise, giving an organ while alive such as a hand or cornea of an eye to someone who lacks both hands or eyes is not permissible since the donor faces the same deformity after donating them.
Moreover, we believe, and it is largely experienced, that those who do not have hands or eyes can live a happy life. So, there is no compulsion that justifies donating such organs. There is a basic rule in Sharia that reads: 'Any harm is not removed by causing the same harm'. Also, as a general rule, a human body should be respected. Deforming a human body or degrading it is not permissible. Allah Says (interpretation of meaning): {And indeed We have honoured the Children of Adam, …} [17: 70].
The Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam) said: "Everything belonging to a Muslim is unlawful for another Muslim; his blood, his honour and his property" . [Reported by Imam Muslim ].
As for donating an organ that does not cause any harm to the donor and is beneficial to transfer, it is permissible to do so, Insha Allah, since it is a kindness or favor to others.
Can Muslims donate body organs to other Muslims or non-Muslims?
Fatwa
Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the World; and may His blessings and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and upon all his Family and Companions.
Organs for donation are of two kinds: (A) those donated while the donor is still living, (B) those donated during the donor's lifetime for transplanting after his death.
A) As for the first situation, donating any vital organ on which the life of a person depends is forbidden such as head, heart or the like. Donating such a part means killing oneself, which is forbidden in Shari'a. The ruling is the same if the transferred organ causes any inactivity in the donator's body or prevents him from performing any obligation, e.g. donating hands or legs, which makes one handicapped, consequently one cannot earn for himself and cannot fulfill his obligations. It is also not permissible to donate any organ that could cause deformity. Likewise, giving an organ while alive such as a hand or cornea of an eye to someone who lacks both hands or eyes is not permissible since the donor faces the same deformity after donating them.
Moreover, we believe, and it is largely experienced, that those who do not have hands or eyes can live a happy life. So, there is no compulsion that justifies donating such organs. There is a basic rule in Sharia that reads: 'Any harm is not removed by causing the same harm'. Also, as a general rule, a human body should be respected. Deforming a human body or degrading it is not permissible. Allah Says (interpretation of meaning): {And indeed We have honoured the Children of Adam, …} [17: 70].
The Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam) said: "Everything belonging to a Muslim is unlawful for another Muslim; his blood, his honour and his property" . [Reported by Imam Muslim ].
As for donating an organ that does not cause any harm to the donor and is beneficial to transfer, it is permissible to do so, Insha Allah, since it is a kindness or favor to others.
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